Horizontal
1. Type of interaction in the triple helix model
2. Agent in the context of triple helix
5. Matter may arise if the word systems are not clearly distinguished
Vertical
1. The way to transform the accumulated knowledge into an interactive process that impact regional technological development
3. The impact of absorptive capacity and network position
Explanation of the question
1. Type of interaction in the triple helix model
· There are 3 kind of interaction in the triple helix model.
· The first one is spiral, where three agents in triple helix involve in interaction together. Example, Private firm, government and university act together in solving an issue regarding on global warming, how to reduce the carbon in the environment.
· The second one is bilateral interaction, where it only involve 2 parties in the NIS, example interaction between university and firm, firm is interesting in involving in a research, they approach university due to university have the facilities, knowledge and technology, firm send their expert to the university and conducting a joint research.
· The third one is lateral interaction, where although it involves 2 parties, however, transfer of knowledge or technology is just one way. Not like the bilateral where both parties continuous interact with each other
1. Type of interaction in the triple helix model
2. Agent in the context of triple helix
5. Matter may arise if the word systems are not clearly distinguished
Vertical
1. The way to transform the accumulated knowledge into an interactive process that impact regional technological development
3. The impact of absorptive capacity and network position
Explanation of the question
1. Type of interaction in the triple helix model
· There are 3 kind of interaction in the triple helix model.
· The first one is spiral, where three agents in triple helix involve in interaction together. Example, Private firm, government and university act together in solving an issue regarding on global warming, how to reduce the carbon in the environment.
· The second one is bilateral interaction, where it only involve 2 parties in the NIS, example interaction between university and firm, firm is interesting in involving in a research, they approach university due to university have the facilities, knowledge and technology, firm send their expert to the university and conducting a joint research.
· The third one is lateral interaction, where although it involves 2 parties, however, transfer of knowledge or technology is just one way. Not like the bilateral where both parties continuous interact with each other
2. Agents in the context of triple helix
· There are 3 types of agents in triple helix.
· Government – concentrate on policy, funding, infrastructure
· University - Provide human capital, education and research
· Private firm/ Industry – Working with university in R&D in order to create new innovation product
3. Matter may arise if the word systems are not clearly distinguished.
· Miss-understanding, miss-interpretation, miss communication and confusion will occur.
· It happen due to the interaction between the actors in triple helix, example, miss interpretation between government (policy maker) and firm, unclearly justify policy on incentive in R&D causing doubt for industry in involving in R&D.
4. The way to transform the accumulated knowledge into and interactive process that impact regional technological development
· There are 2 way to transform the accumulater knowledge into interactive process.
· The first is through network. They are few kind of network, interaction between government and industry, government and university and industry and university. This collaboration could be divided into the national level, regional level as well as international level.
· The second way is to create a network space, where the three agents in Triple helix model will act together and provide support to each other.
· The second way is to create a network space, where the three agents in Triple helix model will act together and provide support to each other.
5. The impact of absorptive capacity and network position
· There are few impacts of absorptive capacity and network position,
· The first one is innovation, where it provides medium or channel to gather all the information available in the entire unit, share it. Beside that the ability to understand the technology and information will be higher that will increase research and development activities.
· The second impact is business performances, where best practices from each department could be utilize and serve as a references in solving problem that lead to Cost efficiency and reduction of operating cost, besides that they could leverage on their business processes and model.
· The third impact is creation of a learning organization, since increase of the absorptive capacity and a medium to link all the department, it create a cultural where people in the organization will learn to improve on everything.
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